Air and water cooled wall



Nov. 28, 1933. ALPERN 1,937,003

AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5, 1929 7. Sheets-Sheet l [Huenzfor H Harwell 14409272 7 [266 fifforgys Nov. 28, 15233. M. ALPERN 1,937,003

AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5, 1929 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 28, 1933. M, ALPERN AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5, 1929 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 28, 1933. M. ALPERN AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5. 1929 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 nu hiw nu nu udnn lufl Yuan ' I 66:00am 1/ Nov. 28, 1933. M. ALPERN AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5. 1929 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nov. 28, 1933. M. ALPERN AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5, 1929 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 I/Iva Nov. 28, 1933. ALPERN 1,937,003

AIR AND WATER COOLED WALL Filed July 5, 1929 '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 jbvejzfor."

flaxwefl 640677.? 5 1725 2 zza'eys My L Patented Nov. 28, 1933 u A further and more specific object of the inventionis provision in arconstruction or thischara'cter of an arrangement permittingready com binatio'n' therewith of iwater-cooled tubes :for

" v further enhancing the cooling effect.

u so that this air is conditioned for mostieflicie t u n'the furnace i h I ordesirable.

" wherein A further object of the invention is 'to provide a structureof this character which will permit the furnace wall,- if so de si'red, to be "constructed without brick-work, thus materially'reducing"the cost thereof;

v A still further object of the invention 'is to produce'an'element for use in theconstruction of an lair-cooled wall which will promote the cooling of the wall and the transfer of heat to the cooling air 'A still furtherobject of the invention is thehprovision of'a'construction wherein the cooling may beextended' for the entire length'of the wall-or for only a portion thereoif as is"foundjnecessary These and other objects I accomplish by construction shown in the. accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view'through, aiurnace embodying my invention; 4'

Fig.2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;?

Fig. 3 is an .enlarigedvertical sectional view ,through a slightlymodified construction,theinu .itwill, of-course; bev obviousthat duringQoperasulating blocks between. the water. cooling pipes being'removedy -j I Fig. 4 is a section on line 44'of .Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a section. on line 55'of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a.vertical.sectional yiewl through a boiler furnace illustrating a construction wherein the air ,Coolingfeature. is extended throughonly the lowerportion of the wall;

Fig. '7 is "a section on line'7 7 of: '6;

Fig. 8"isla section on line' 8- 8, of Fig; 6;

Fig. 9 is a section on line '9-9 o'f'Fig. 6 Fig. 10is avertical sectional view through-a furnace ofthe type employingpulverized fuel illustrating the application of the cooling feature to the side walls thereof and the method of con .;forming boxes (the wall. e

ducting the 'heated 'air intoltheffurnace" for as secondary], air in supporting. combustion? :Fig. 12 is a section on line. 12 12-"orFig-1 Fig. 13 is an enlargement of ;the.s'ectiona1;view

Flg.-1 4 is a detailed sectional tswsnmamtmg a'modified' structure in which insulating blocks "cent the fire ,zonefand f v $1 9 03 1 i L' AIR, ANIrWATERcOoLEDIW L Maxwell "Alpeni; Philadelphim Pa; assignorito u 'American Engineering Company, Philadelphia, I 1 u "Pa... a corporat ion of Pennsylvania if l Applic ti n J 1y 5; 1,92$- Serial No.'37e,i76 j; v u u 1 v 7 Claims- {(OLJZ Z ZQQ), j invention relates to furnace walls and more particularlyto the construction of a cooled furnace wall. i a 1 important object'of the invention is the'production'of a construction permitting the use of both water and air cooling elements in the wallgfof Fig.'1'1;- "@A still further object of the invention is the' ,provisi'o'nof a structure permitting the use of air in cooling the wall'of a-furnace' and the'use of the. air heated in the cooling operation to support combustionin the furnace.

Referring nowto the ,drawings,' and moreDarjticularly to Figs'.-1fand2 thereof, the-numeraI-IO genera'lly designates the 'sidewallof a furnace j which, in'accordance withmyinvention, is'formed withla series of verticalrductsi :1-1, the lower ends of' which communicatethrou'gh a suitablefheader the'windbox lipffthe furnace. These ducts-at of which communicate withheaders 171which may,

the loweri'po'rtion of the" furnace have:arranged thereagainst downwardly andrearwardly inclinin'g water" tubes"'1 6- the forward. and rearynds turncommu'nicate throughsuitable duets with 'the'headers-or drumsof'the usual b'oilertubeap- 1 1 'paratus fge'nerally .designated at 18. Between "the tubes 16 and against .the'face 'of the; inner wallstof' ducts ii I dispose arefractory dement protecting theinner' ductqwalls againstv direct contact withthe contents, of the furnace as in- The ductslii open attheir fupper land *dibatd atl 19 ;*In themajority-of=constructions sthose tubesa'diac'ent the fueljbed iarejpreferably pr'otected-by meansof insulating blocks-,a'sindi-fl I *cated at 20 a'.(s'ee.'Fig. J14); .Thejtubes';;16 ,con-= 1 l I, Tnecting headers l'l mayg either divergewrearwardf tion'of blower 13 the current ofair will'bejdr'awn accordingly" conditioned-- for efficient use' 'inl the an employed in supporting combustion; in -the 3 ifurnace but may, as'che'reinafter more fullyjde- 'scribedfiurnishionlya portion thereof. 1

' The preferred construction forthewallis more 7 through these ducts. :thereby'cooling ;the1; wall. f ,p Thisair in cooling the wall becomes heated and-is" .learlyshown in Figs; 3 to 5 inclusive and'in the detailedishowing of 15. In this'construction,asmo re clearly shown in-Fig. 5, thelelernents l employed in the formation of theduct include {j I j 1,931.00;

boxes 20, partitioningand spacingelements 21 and 21a and paneling generally designated at 22 The boxes each comprise a main plate 23 having outstanding flanges 24 at its sides and havingv its ends formed with slots 25 for the reception'of cement bymeans of which theend edges of adjacent boxes are sealed to one another. The inner faces of the plate between the flange are provided with, short inwardly directed longitudinally ex tending ribsv 26 which, as more clearly shownin; Fig. 15, are preferably each formed from a pm rality of sections 27, the sections of adjacentribs being staggered with relation to oneianother The'flanges 24 are perforated-as at j2'7a'for the passage of securing elements 28 for engagementin the portition plates 21, which partition plates are continuous for the length of the duct and have arranged between the free edges threoftha removable panels of insulating material 22. Partitioning elements 21 may. be employed in mounting securing elements for the paneling as desig nated at 29 in Fig. 5. The partitioning elements 21a may be omitted as suggested in Fig. 13,a nd there may be any desired number of rows of boxes between adjacent partitioning elements as will beobviousby a comparison, of Figs. '5' andj12.

" In some-instancesit proves advisable or necessary to terminate the air ducts below the upper end of the side wall of the furnace and .in such' instances I provide a horizontally extending duct 30 and more clearly shown in Figs. '7 to 9 inclu-,

sive. This duct has one end thereof open as at 31 andis preferably supplied with air froma blower through acondui't generallydesignated at 32. The duct'decreases size toward its closed end being at present illustrated as decreasing both inwidth and depth and the decrease-in size as beginning at the point' of connection 'withthe upper'endsiof the cooling ducts .11.. The lower ends of the cooling. ducts 11 open tozthe ordinary wind boxspace 14. It will be noted that in each of the instances :her'einb'efore set forth the air passing through the ducts is delivered to the wind "box, this delivery being accomplished through a fan which may either deliver air 110311116 .coolin ducts or withdraw air from these ducts for delivery to the box. It will also be noted thatthe cooling ducts need not extend for the full depth of the side wall andmaygin fact/terminate 'sothat each of these ducts can communicate at itsv lower end with the space beneath-thegrates'. V

A structure of thecharacter just described is advantageous in many instances-where cooling-of the wall above the'lowermost' of the normal boiler tubes is unnecessary. The'walli above the wind box 30 'may be made of anyJusual'or; preferred construction. 1

In Figs. 10to 13 inclusive l have illustrated a modification of the structure to permit its incorportion in a furnace employing pulverized fuel. In'this construction the cooling ducts 11 are blower-fed andextend-horizontally in the sidewalls of the furnace.- The rear wall of the furnace des- "ignated at 33'is provided with ducts 34 connecting with the cooling" ducts 11 and'having their inner walls pierced at intervals as indicated at 35 to perinit'the airto pass intothe furnace and thus provide secondary air. to support combustion therein. It will be seen that at each instance the clucts'll serve to provide atleast aportion of the air supporting combustion in the furnace so that the ducts act not only in cooling the wall but like-V wise'as a means for preheating'airforthis purpose. I

The arrangement of .the tubesin rearwardly lation' subdividing thespace therebetween; into I T125 1 flanges at their side edges, said supporting means. 7 extending between the, flanges of adjacent) boxes face of said side wall and' being inclined oppo- ..1ation tosaid inner section,'and a'seriesof waterdivergent relation as shown in Fig. 6 permits the water-cooled tubes to cover the boiler wall space below the boiler tubes without being disposed in overlapping relation to these tubes as in Fig. 3. It will beobvious that with a construction such as .shownin Fig. 3 if the. cooling tubes cover the entire boiler wall surface below the boiler tubes therewil lbe a substantial overlap of the boiler and'water-cooling tubes.

This overlap is, in practically all instances, unnecessary and accordingly this rearward divergence permitsof the produc- "steer a more efficient and'at the same time-a cheaperconstruction. 1 i. Since the arrangement of the ducts must obvi ously be'variedin order to permit accommoda tion'of the construction to .a given boiler construction, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the specific arrangements herein illustrated except as hereinafter claimed. "Iiclaimt; 7 1 t w 1.. A furnace wall comprisinganinner metallic shell in an outer panel structure of insulating material, means supporting said panel structure from. and in spaced relation to. said metallic shell and combined with the panel structure and shell to produce parallel ducts for the passage of cooling air, the :metallic shell having inwardly projectingvanes disposed in said ductsand said vanes being ;relatively short in thedimension longitudinally of the ducts and arranged'transe versely; in: staggered relation, i v ;2.' A furnace wall comprising at least in part an-inner facingconsistingof. a plurality of metallic boxes arrangediin side to side relation and a each comprising a plate having inwardly pro- 11 jecting vanes arranged in staggered relation, an

.outer wallf facing consisting of insulating panels and means supporting said panels'from'and in spaced relation to, said boxes. and subdividing the space between the facings into a plurality of. parallel-ducts; I

. jerk-furnace wall-comprising atileastlin part an inner facingconsisting of a plurality of metallicboxes arrangedin side toside relation and each comprising a plate havingjinwardly projecting vanes arranged in staggered relation, an outer. wall facing consisting: ofinsulating panelsv and means supporting said facings in spaced reva plurality ofparallel ducts, said plates having than the other, and said tubes'diverging toward the longer headerwhereby the said water-cooled? tubesaremade to embrace a relatively large sec- *tion of the sidewall without materially overlapping the lower ends of; said boiler, tubes.

' 5.A furnace wall comprising an inner metallic V 7 section, an insulated outer section inspaced recooled tubes disposed in contactwith sai'd'inner wall section, saidseries of tubes beinginclined to -the, horizontal and diverging towards,

one end whereby the said series embraces at the 50 vertical ducts having air inlets at the upper'ends front torear of said chamber, said tubes diverg thereof, the inner side of said ducts being com'- prised of a series of metallic box members, a series of fluid conducting tubes lying in close juxtaposition to the inner side of said ducts and inclining downwardly from front to rear of said.

ber, said air being heated as it passes through said ducts.

'7. In a furnace, the combination of a com-' bustion chamber, walls defining said chamber,

said walls comprising a series of substantially vertical ducts having air inlets at .one,-end

thereof, a series of fluid conducting tubes adjacent said ducts and inclining downwardly from ing toward the rear of said chamber so as to cover a greater area of said walls, a stoker, a pres- I sure chamber beneath said stoker, and means for drawing air into said ducts and discharging it into saidpressure chamber, whereby said air bothcools said walls and enters the combustion chamber in a highly preheated state.

' fMAxW ELnAnPERN. 

